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’68 Flashback: The Rolling Stones Make Beggars Banquet and Lose Brian Jones―The Band’s Original Blues Heart and Soul Ted Drozdowski | 04.23.2008 By early 1968, quaaludes, acid, weed, and booze had taken their toll on guitarist Brian Jones. As the rest of the Rolling Stones toiled in the studio, the once Apollonian rock star straggled in whenever he pleased, sometimes so dazed that Keith Richards and Mick Jagger would beg producer Jimmy Miller to boot him out―or at least keep him isolated from the rest of the band while they were recording so the inappropriate parts he’d play didn’t bleed into anybody else’s microphone.
Nonetheless, by the time Beggars Banquet was completed, Jones had left his imprint on the album, playing slide beautifully on “No Expectations,” adding melodic sitar and Eastern European tambura to “Street Fighting Man,” coloring “Jigsaw Puzzle” and “Stray Cat Blues” with mellotron, and blowing blues harp on “Dear Doctor,” “Parachute Woman,” and “Prodigal Son.” No matter how difficult to achieve Jones’ contributions may have been, they are indelible parts of a historic album and, at their best, a reminder that Jones was at one time the Stones’ musical heart and soul.
At the time Jones was still a crown prince of the international rock scene. In London he’d been instrumental in bringing attention to Jimi Hendrix; in the States he’d been a conduit for the English bands that played 1967’s Monterey International Pop Festival; and in far-off Joujouka, he’d helped musician and journalist Robert Palmer bring the Master Musicians to the attention of the Western world. But a little more than six months after the December ’68 release of Beggars Banquet, Jones would be found dead in his swimming pool.
Before he became the lead role in his own rock tragedy, Jones was a schoolboy who fell in love with jazz and blues: first Charlie Parker and then Elmore James, Robert Johnson, and Muddy Waters. He even gave himself the stage name Elmo Lewis when he began playing blues in London’s clubs during the early ’60s, and former Stones’ bassist Bill Wyman claims Jones was among the very first young British bluesmen to play slide.
It was Jones who recruited Jagger for his band after he met the rubber hipped singer at a jam session with fellow English blues pioneer Alexis Korner’s group at London’s Ealing Club. Jagger in turn brought in his pal Richards, and with the addition of Ian Stewart on piano and some inspiration from a Muddy Waters’ song, the Rolling Stones were formed.
Jones taught Jagger harmonica and was the band’s indisputable leader in its early years, dredging his record collection for material to adapt with the group’s youthful energy. In those days it was Jones who lit up the stage, swaying and weaving with his guitar and harmonica while Jagger stood stock still as he sang. Jones also booked the gigs and plugged the shows to promoters and the press.
Those jobs were surrendered to manager Andrew Loog Oldham when he signed on, leaving Jones to tend to the music until the Jagger/Richards imprinted songs began arriving with greater frequency and the nucleus of the Rolling Stones reconfigured around their creative partnership.
Jones and Richards developed the dual-guitar interplay that became the band’s hallmark while listening to the Chicago blues tag-team of Eddie Taylor and Jimmy Reed on Reed’s hits like “Big Boss Man” and “Baby What You Want Me to Do.” But Jones’ abilities as an instrumentalist stretched well beyond the customs of blues.
From the 1964 debut album The Rolling Stones to Beggars Banquet, besides guitar, sitar, harmonica, mellotron, and tambura, Jones can be heard playing dulcimer, organ, recorder, congas, xylophone, accordion, harpsichord, sax, and oboe, and singing harmony. His main instruments, though, were his guitars: primarily a green Gretsch Double Anniversary model and the teardrop shaped Vox Phantom Mark III that would become his signature axe. For electric 12-strings, he relied on Rickenbackers. Jones also played a Gibson Les Paul, an ES-330, and a clutch of Firebirds, and typically pumped his guitars through Vox AC-30s.
With the Stones, Jones cemented his blues credentials as well as the band’s. In addition to original songs written under the inspiration of their African-American idols, the early Stones dipped into the genre’s canon with Jones at the fore. He played slide on Rolling Stones recordings of Howlin’ Wolf’s “Little Red Rooster,” harmonica on Waters’ “I Just Want to Make Love to You” (and the Stones-penned tribute to Chess Studios, “2120 South Michigan Avenue”), and sang harmony on their chart busting Irma Thomas cover “Time is on My Side,” among other tunes.
Mick Jagger has long been criticized―even by Keith Richards―for dabbling in trends with the Stones. That practice may have started with the album just before Beggars Banquet, the still hotly debated Their Satanic Majesties Request. Although “She’s a Rainbow” made the Top 40 and the album hit No. 2 on the pop charts, many fans saw its spacey sonics―exemplified by “2000 Light Years from Home”―as a bid to cash in on the psychedelic rock craze, popularized in the London underground by Pink Floyd and in the international pop realm by innovative Beatles and Beach Boys albums.
Beggars Banquet was a return to the R&B roots that made the Stones famous. It was also the first in a string of hallmark albums that would become the bedrock of their musical legacy, lasting through 1976’s Black and Blue.
Although Richards was the driving chain of Beggars Banquet, he was still operating under the influence of Jones as much as that of his blues idols―even if Richards was disillusioned with Jones’ dissipation. Legend has it that if Jones was in the mood to play, he’d check the calendar to see if the Stones were in the studio. Then he’d show up at the session with whatever instrument he was currently infatuated with―sitar, tambura―and insist on playing it, appropriate or not. That didn’t improve Jones’ stock with his bandmates, who’d already put him on notice. Miller would typically place Jones in an isolation booth or behind baffles in the studio while the rest of the group recorded live to keep his sound away from the band’s.
Still, Jones had flashes of brilliance, like the ringing slide on “No Expectations.” And his sitar and tambura were subtle textures with just enough paisley trimmings to help make “Street Fighting Man” sound like an anthem in 1968 instead of the mere pop song its authors had intended. When the disc was released, after the band struggled for several months with its record label over the bathroom wall graffiti album cover they’d designed, Beggars Banquet was the best LP the Stones had made to date, with a gritty sound that honored their history and a mature songwriting style that foreshadowed their future triumphs.
Sadly, those were achieved without Jones. Despite warnings from Jagger and Richards after the entreaties of friendship failed, Jones continued his terrible downward slide. For the Stones’ next album, the magnificent country and blues inspired Let It Bleed, Jones contributed only congas to “Midnight Rambler” and autoharp to “You Got the Silver,” which features Richards’ first recorded lead vocal performance. Jones was dismissed during the sessions, in June 1969, and replaced in the band he’d started by Mick Taylor, the 20-year-old Les Paul wielding guitarist from John Mayall’s Bluesbreakers.
That was arguably the beginning of the Stones’ greatest twin-guitar dynasty, with Taylor’s virtuosity lifting things up a notch. But days before Taylor stood in Jones’ shoes on stage for the first time, the band’s estranged founder was discovered on July 3, 1969, at the bottom of his swimming pool. Despite Jagger and Richards’ early emergence as the group’s star songwriting team, the sound of the first nine Stones albums and a stack of singles released from 1962 to 1968 all remain part of Jones’ enduring legacy.
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